Part 9 — Gran Colombia → Ecuador (1822–1830)
After Pichincha (1822), the big question wasn’t only “Spain is leaving.” It was: What replaces the empire? For the Quito highlands, the answer became Gran Colombia—a giant, fast-built republic meant to keep the independence project alive, pay for armies, and prevent the region from fragmenting into weak mini-states.
Serie: Short History of Independence · Parte 9
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